The Schatzkammer (Imperial Treasury) houses the crown jewels. Literally crowns and jewels. And much more. But what are the bits to look out for?
- Both secular and ecclesiastical treasures
- Gemstones the size of goose eggs and crowns the size of Europe
- Many items of unique historical interest
- Alleged relics include a nail from the crucifixion
- Book Imperial Treasury tickets* online
- See also:
Imperial treasures
(An excerpt from the 1915 painting by Josef Pögl of Kaiserin Maria Theresia, with various Habsburg crowns. Photo by Johannes Stoll and © Belvedere, Wien. Reproduced with permission under the terms of Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 4.0.)
As my youngest son put it…if you’re a royal with money, you want what the other royals have…but bigger and more expensive.
My wife claims they needed all that grandeur for representational and propaganda purposes. Something to impress monarchs and peasants alike.
And I wonder if one or two emperors weren’t, um…compensating.
Anyway, prepare for a feast of Imperial treasure in the true meaning of the term. Here some of my favourites from the Schatzkammer collection…
Habsburg crown jewels
The Habsburg dynasty ruled over much of central and eastern Europe for centuries. So they accumulated a fair few items of imperial paraphernalia.
For example, a crown should be all gold, diamonds, rubies and sapphires, with delicate enamel designs and imperial scenes in relief.
Step forward the magnificent 1602 crown of Rudolf II that became the Habsburg imperial crown. This forms, perhaps, the centrepiece of the Imperial Treasury:
(Photo of the Crown of Rudolf II, later Crown of the Austrian Empire, Jan Vermeyen, Prague, 1602 ©KHM-Museumsverband)
Exhibits like this rather-impressive headwear provide a direct link to the past. A link made even more tangible when the items on display also appear in old paintings hanging nearby.
For example, Rudolf’s crown, orb, and scepter feature in the 1832 van Amerling portrait of Emperor Franz II/I that adorns the wall in the same gallery.
Franz looks tired, as if he knows the dynasty is on borrowed time (less than 90 years until its end, actually). Oh, and the mantle around his shoulders lies in the neighbouring room.
Other Habsburg highlights:
- The 1496 ceremonial sword of Emperor Maximilian I, with its remarkable designs along the blade
- The Ainkhüm sword from the early 15th century with a scabbard made out of a narwhal tusk (believed back then to be the actual horn of a unicorn)
- The garments associated with the chivalric Order of the Golden Fleece, including an original chain of the order from the mid-15th century
(The garments are but one of many treasures from the rich Burgundian part of the early Habsburg dominions.)
Ah, but what about the jewels part of the idea of crown jewels? Well, how about…
- A 1641 vessel made from a 2,680 carat emerald
- The 1687 Hyacinth “la Bella”, a huge garnet the size of a goose egg
- An 1818/19 rose bush made of gold
- A silver and gold egg cup that once belonged to King Louis XVI of France
A particular treasure from later Habsburg times is the throne cot presented to the second wife of Napoleon (Marie Louise, the daughter of the first Emperor of Austria, the aforementioned Franz) for her son.
The “Cradle of the King of Rome” holds over a quarter of a ton of precious metals in it. Can’t help but feel that a kid sleeping in that is going to feel a certain amount of pressure in terms of expectations.
Treasures from the Holy Roman Empire
(The Reichskrone crown of the Holy Roman Empire photographed by Josef Wlha around 1905; Wien Museum Inv.-Nr. 18325/6; excerpt reproduced with permission under the terms of the CC0 licence)
The Holy Roman Emperor was also a Habsburg for almost the entire period from 1452 to its 1806 dissolution.
Among the treasures from that particular European institution:
- The robes worn by the King of Bohemia when electing the Holy Roman Emperor, made around 1625-1650
- The silk coronation mantle from 1133/34, which enveloped the shoulders of many iconic monarchs
- The Imperial crown of the Holy Roman Emperor, dating back to 960-980. Albrecht Dürer’s famous 1512(?) painting of Charlemagne, wearing the very same crown, hangs nearby.
Not all of Dürer’s painting is accurate; Charlemagne died in 814, so that first Holy Roman Emperor didn’t wear this particular headpiece, for example.
The displays include other items from close to Charlemagne’s time, allegedly removed from his tomb…
- The Imperial gospels from ca. 800
- The sabre of Charlemagne from the early 10th century
- St. Stephen’s Burse reliquary from the early 9th century
The list of items gives me goosebumps: a confluence of history, priceless materials, and exquisite workmanship.
And, at the same time, all a reminder that one day the crown is on your head, the next it’s being gawped at by an Englishman whose primary concern is whether he can justify eating a second chocolate mint ice cream later.
If your lust for Imperial treasures remains unsatisfied, can I recommend the nearby Kunstkammer and Silberkammer collections. The Habsburgs were not short of a penny or two (though still managed to run up debts).
Religious treasures
(View of the relic cabinets in the Schatzkammer, photographed by August Stauda around 1900; Wien Museum Inv.-Nr. 106081/13; excerpt reproduced with permission under the terms of the CC0 licence)
The Imperial Treasury also houses an ecclesiastical collection, which begins with two unique items from the “do-not-ever-sell” category of the Habsburg treasures:
- The largest carved agate bowl in the world, produced in the 4th century. Apparently the word “Christ” is inscribed in Greek letters in the actual (natural) substance of the stone, though it takes more imagination than I’ve got to see it
- A narwhal tusk from the early-16th century, believed to be (as with the Ainkhüm sword scabbard) from a unicorn
The remaining ecclesiastical exhibits consist mainly of reliquaries presented in beautiful wooden cabinets topped with golden decoration. I believe these may be the original display cabinets from the time of Emperor Franz Joseph. They include various alleged Christian relics:
- A piece of wood from Jesus Christ’s manger
- A tooth from John the Baptist
- A piece of the tablecloth used at the Last Supper
- A nail used to pin Jesus’s hand to the cross
- Thorns from the crown he wore on that cross
- A snippet of Jesus’s loincloth
- ..and many more of this nature
One can argue about authenticity, but I leave that debate to those with more expertise.
And for more ecclesiastical relics and treasures, pop over to the Dom Museum next to Stephansdom cathedral.
Tickets & visitor tips
For ticket info, general impressions, visitor tips, directions etc. for the Imperial treasury, check the main Schatzkammer page.